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There was controversy about it, but the Inuit famously and really do have at least 50 words for snow. The Scots have 241!
The Sami people of northern Scandinavia and Russia use more than 1000 words for reindeer.
Sanskrit, the language of the Kama Sutra, offers 267 words for love.
Languages tend to evolve to reflect the cultural and practical priorities of the societies that speak them.
This linguistic truism came to mind recently when, as part of research for one of my cartoons, I turned to Google Translate in search of a French translation for the English word “geek.” There wasn’t one. Nor in Spanish. All the Romance languages came up short; Google suggested “disadattato” in Italian, but that’s different — it means “misfit,” or “a person who is poorly adapted to a situation or environment.”
A “geek” — “a person often of an intellectual bent who is disliked,” according to Merriam-Webster — is decidedly distinct from a misfit.
You can tell a lot about a culture from its language. I had stumbled across a revealing peculiarity about American English: we insult people for being intelligent.
That’s not true about most of the rest of the world.
At least among Western cultures and compared to many others, we Americans enjoy the dubious distinction of having a high degree of linguistic diversity it comes to mocking the smart and the educated (who, I can attest as the expellee-cum-graduate of an Ivy League school, are not always the same).
Bookworm. Brain. Brainiac. Dork. Dweeb. Egghead. Freak. Grind. Grub. Longhair. Nerd. Poindexter. Pointy-headed. Smarty-pants. Techie.
Esoterically, doubledome.
You have to journey far away from the areas dominated by the Indo-European language group in order to find direct equivalents of words like “nerd.” On the other hand, languages like French are extremely rich in insults for stupid people: “bête comme ses pieds,” or “dumb as hell,” literally means “as stupid as his/her feet.” Apparently this derives from the fact that feet are the body part furthest away from your brain. More zoologically, “blaireau” (badger) refers to an idiot.
When you think about it — which, being American, we rarely do — it should come as little surprise to realize that few insults string the French more effectively than being called stupid. France, after all, is a country with a 385-year-old parliamentary body composed of academics and other notables who rule on the usages, vocabulary and grammar of the national language, the Academie Française, and where one of the most popular television programs in history featured intellectual authors smoking like chimneys as they ruminated over the cultural and political controversies of the day, “Apostrophes.” After food and wine, the French worship the life of the mind.
The United States, on the other hand, elected Donald “Celebrity Apprentice” Trump over Hillary “I Have a 12-Point Plan” Clinton.
Bush over Gore.
Ike over Adlai. Twice.
As CUNY Professor Deborah M. De Simone notes in her essay discussing Richard Hofstadter’s classic Pulitzer-winning book Anti-intellectualism in American Life, the 2000 Democratic nominee’s IQ proved divisive: “Al Gore was both mocked and applauded for the depth and manner of his oratory while George W. Bush was both ridiculed and embraced for his unsophisticated vocabulary.” A reporter assigned to cover Gore’s campaign complained about getting stuck with “the government nerd.”
Bush wasn’t really stupid. The point is that he pretended to be, and rather convincingly. After losing an election in Texas, young Dubya had sworn, Scarlett O’Hara-like, never to get out-countrified again. Bush won reelection in 2004, in part because voters infamously told pollsters they’d rather drink a beer with him than with the more intellectual “French-looking” John Kerry.” (Talk about dumb! Bush was a teetotaler.)
Trump won the beer poll question during the 2016 presidential campaign. Like Bush, he doesn’t drink.
Europeans make fun of dumb people.
Americans elect them to high office.
Despite the rise of Silicon Valley and its technoelites, the Revenge of the Nerds in the South Bay has managed to line stock portfolios without moving the needle on America’s cultural values. Jocks still rule high schools that spend millions on new football stadiums while starving the arts. Faced with foreign policy crises, even “liberal” Congressmen reflexively endorse bombing over diplomacy in order to look “tough.” Scientific geniuses like the late Stephen Hawking are framed as cultural curiosities to marvel over rather than heroes to be emulated as are football players, rappers and movie stars (specifically buff men who act in action movies).
One can reasonably argue over which country, the United States or France, is superior in various respects. But how, as we transition to an information-based economy, can we doubt that elevating intelligence as a sociocultural ideal is, well, smarter than elevating buffoons?
Maybe it’s time to take a cue from our proudly pro-intelligence and pro-education cultural cousins across the Atlantic. Point at President Trump and other public figures whenever they say anything that sounds less than intelligent, and laugh at them. Not only for being racist, rude or insensitive — but just for being stupid.
Dumber even than their feet.
Chinese have similar words for “nerd”: “书呆子”, literally translated to “book doofus”. However, It is not used nearly as common as “geek” and “nerd” in English.
It also has a much thinner scope. It only refers to people who are too dogmatic about theoretical knowledge, yet lacks real world skills.
Same thing in (some variants of) Spanish. You have ñoño, someone who is always trying to outperform the others academically, usually it’s those who make a huge effort without seeing proportional results for it.
But we have very few insults for intellectual or smart people. Practically none I can think of.
“Friki” was popular when I was a teen, but that comes from the English, “freak”. And obviously we use nerd and geek sometimes.
Arguably, though, friki is more about the media and entertainment the person consumes than about them being smart.
it’s interesting you narrow the definition like that, because i think that’s really the original definition of nerd… like if you asked someone in the 50’s in the US, that’s what they would have described… someone who takes theory to anti-social extremes… but like you said, it seems to cover a lot more now, or at least get used a lot more…
and i love how literal “book dufus” is, that’s great
I enjoy the fact that the phrase used to make fun of “smart people” uses extremely simple words.
That’s really just Chinese in general. Terms are made as though a 7 year old kid tried to describe it. Here’s some examples:
I think the way you translate Chinese characters into English loses level of sophistication of the characters. For example, “医院” is definitely more sophisticate than “health park”, despite character has these meanings.
“书呆子” really is as simple as it can get.
Also common items typically have more approachable names.
such as the real characters being 醫院. you could spend a while dissecting (pun not intended) all of the characters that make up “medicine” and its rich etymology
yes! it seems to expose its origins among the common folk pretty clearly, doesn’t it…
Should definitely make an English word for exactly that.
Then I know what to call that fucker who keeps asking retarded questions at the end of a meeting where everyone else is in agreement.
oh no, a lot of the time, “book dufus” actually need to be well-versed in theoretical knowledge, I doubt “people asking stupid question at the end of the meeting” fit that description.
I’m talking about the people who get caught up on little details and hypotheticals which are irrelevant, just asking “what if” for the sake of it and wasting everyone’s time
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We have! Teacher.