Executive summary

Following the autumn bird migration, avian influenza virus outbreaks are expected to occur and spread geographically across the EU/EEA. The transmission of avian influenza viruses to wild, domesticated and farmed mammals will be likely to continue. Whenever avian influenza viruses are present in wild birds and mammals, the possibility of transmission to humans cannot be excluded, particularly for those who are directly exposed while not wearing protective equipment.

During the winter months when seasonal influenza viruses are circulating in the population, testing and sub-typing approaches for avian influenza virus need to be proportionate to the epidemiological situation and the capacities of reference laboratories. Therefore, a risk-based targeted approach is proposed in areas with ongoing avian influenza outbreaks in poultry and detections in wild birds and other animals, focussing on outbreaks and severe respiratory or unexplained neurological disease.